反向地理编码（地址查询）请求和响应

“地理编码”这一术语通常是指将直观易懂的地址转换为地图上某个位置的过程。与之相反，将地图上的某个位置转换为直观易懂的地址的过程称为“反向地理编码”。

反向地理编码请求

必需参数

latlngkey

可选参数

以下是您可以在反向地理编码请求中添加的可选参数：

extra_computations=ADDRESS_DESCRIPTORS&extra_computations=BUILDING_AND_ENTRANCES

result_typelocation_typeresult_typelocation_typeZERO_RESULTS

反向地理编码示例

以下查询包含了布鲁克林某个位置的纬度/经度值：

https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?latlng=40.714224,-73.961452&key=YOUR_API_KEY

上述查询返回以下结果：

{
   "results" : [
      {
         "address_components" : [
            {
               "long_name" : "277",
               "short_name" : "277",
               "types" : [ "street_number" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Bedford Avenue",
               "short_name" : "Bedford Ave",
               "types" : [ "route" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Williamsburg",
               "short_name" : "Williamsburg",
               "types" : [ "neighborhood", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Brooklyn",
               "short_name" : "Brooklyn",
               "types" : [ "sublocality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Kings",
               "short_name" : "Kings",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_2", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "New York",
               "short_name" : "NY",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "United States",
               "short_name" : "US",
               "types" : [ "country", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "11211",
               "short_name" : "11211",
               "types" : [ "postal_code" ]
            }
         ],
         "formatted_address" : "277 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11211, USA",
         "geometry" : {
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 40.714232,
               "lng" : -73.9612889
            },
            "location_type" : "ROOFTOP",
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 40.7155809802915,
                  "lng" : -73.9599399197085
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 40.7128830197085,
                  "lng" : -73.96263788029151
               }
            }
         },
         "place_id" : "ChIJd8BlQ2BZwokRAFUEcm_qrcA",
         "types" : [ "street_address" ]
      },

  ... Additional <code>results[]</code> ...

"formatted_address"

反向地理编码器会匹配政治实体（国家/地区、省/直辖市/自治区、城市和街区）、街道地址，以及邮政编码。

formatted_address

{
   "plus_code" : {
      "compound_code" : "P27Q+MCM New York, NY, USA",
      "global_code" : "87G8P27Q+MCM"
   },
   "results" : [
      {
         "formatted_address" : "277 Bedford Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11211, USA",
         ...
         "types" : [ "street_address" ]
      },
      {
         "formatted_address" : "279 Bedford Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11211, USA",
         ...
         "types" : [ "premise" ]
      },
      {
         "formatted_address" : "277 Bedford Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11211, USA",
         ...
         "types" : [ "establishment", "point_of_interest" ]
      },
      {
         "formatted_address" : "291-275 Bedford Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11211, USA",
         ...
         "types" : [ "route" ]
      },
      {
         "formatted_address" : "P27Q+MC New York, NY, USA",
         ...
         "types" : [ "plus_code" ]
      },
      {
         "formatted_address" : "South Williamsburg, Brooklyn, NY, USA",
         ...
         "types" : [ "neighborhood", "political" ]
      },
      {
         "formatted_address" : "Brooklyn, NY 11211, USA",
         ...
         "types" : [ "postal_code" ]
      },
      {
         "formatted_address" : "Williamsburg, Brooklyn, NY, USA",
         ...
         "types" : [ "neighborhood", "political" ]
      },
      {
         "formatted_address" : "Kings County, Brooklyn, NY, USA",
         ...
         "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_2", "political" ]
      },
      {
         "formatted_address" : "Brooklyn, NY, USA",
         ...
         "types" : [ "political", "sublocality", "sublocality_level_1" ]
      },
      {
         "formatted_address" : "New York, NY, USA",
         ...
         "types" : [ "locality", "political" ]
      },
      {
         "formatted_address" : "New York, USA",
         ...
         "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ]
      },
      {
         "formatted_address" : "United States",
         ...
         "types" : [ "country", "political" ]
      }
   ],
   "status" : "OK"
}

此 API 会返回不同类型的地址，从最具体的街道地址到不那么具体的政治实体，例如街区、城市、郡和州。通常，最准确的地址位于结果中最突出的位置，如以上示例所示。如果您要匹配特定类型的地址，请参阅下文中有关按类型限制结果的部分。因此，结果相对于彼此的位置可能会有所不同。

按类型过滤的反向地理编码

ROOFTOPstreet_address

https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?latlng=40.714224,-73.961452
&location_type=ROOFTOP&result_type=street_address&key=YOUR_API_KEY

注意：这些过滤条件仅适用于反向地理编码。

反向地理编码响应

反向地理编码响应的格式与地理编码响应相同。请参阅地理编码响应。下面是反向地理编码响应中可能出现的状态代码。

反向地理编码状态代码

"status""status"

"OK""ZERO_RESULTS"latlng"OVER_QUERY_LIMIT""REQUEST_DENIED"result_typelocation_type"INVALID_REQUEST"addresscomponentslatlngresult_typelocation_type"UNKNOWN_ERROR"